Family agriculture is an exemplary alternative to a less exclusive and environmentally balanced development. Its definition is based on the management of the productive unit where the jobs are performed by family members. In the promotion of a rural location, the harmony between who produces and who buys or intermediates the product is of fundamental importance to promote the structural development of the place and the financial increase of producers. In this context, this mini-review aims to present family agriculture and some of its ways to foster a locality with jobs coming from family production.

The aim of this paper was to present the importance of IrrigaPote for low-cost family farming and its use in the cultivation of vegetables such as tomatoes and bell peppers. The bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) culture originates in the American continent, being one of the most produced horticultural crops, presenting various colorations in the pericarp, such as yellow, red, green, orange, cream and purple. The tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is the most cultivated solanacea in the world, adopts the short cycle crop and high productivity. IrrigaPote is a low-cost and highly sustainable irrigation technology. This irrigation system was created by the partnership between Brazil and Africa, with this union between Makelle University in Ethiopia and Embrapa Amazônia Oriental (PA). 2013, where the project was developed in Africa, whose principle is to use rainwater and to store it for irrigation with clay pots. In view of the above, it is concluded that IrrigaPote is an important agroecological alternative for low-cost family farmers, and it is feasible to irrigate vegetables such as tomatoes and bell peppers, where the plant absorbs only the amount of water it needs, avoiding the appearance of pests and pests, which occur with excess moisture in the soil and plant caused by conventional irrigation.

The Programa Municípios Verdes, in the State of Pará (Brazil), emerged as a tool to implement the "sustainable development pact" among municipalities considered critical. The objective of this study was the accomplishment of a quantity and qualitative analysis, with the deductive method, of applied nature and observational procedures on the Programa Municípios Verdes. The data obtained and analyzed indicated that, from the creation in March 2011, until the end of 2012, there was a tendency to reduce by 27% on deforestation, and a tendency to increase, equivalent to 51%, the number of properties inserted in the Rural Environmental Registry. In order to be inclusive and prosperous, the challenges for the construction of a municipality that falls under the title "Green Municipality" require continuous long-term efforts, with dialogues and the celebration of partnerships between different sectors of society, if they fulfill the current environmental legislation contained in this plan.

Currently, with the process of globalization, several technological tools have been widely used to help in the development of society in broad educational concepts. The objective of this study is to identify the importance of ICTs in the classroom for nursing teachers of a Higher Education Institution, in the municipality of Santarém-Pa. The research was carried out between June and November of 2018, a questionnaire containing 5 (five) objective questions was applied, to 15 teachers that compose the nursing course grade of a Higher Education Institution resident in the municipality of Santarém- PA. The questions contained only yes or no. It is concluded that for the majority of the nursing undergraduate teaching faculty, the TCIs are fundamental in the classroom, helping the students development, which presents good interaction with the new technologies. The class of teachers was deficient when asked about the dominance of ICTs, in this way, they should seek to improve and become accustomed to the constant changes imposed by these new technologies.

species is a bioindicator, when it presents or not, tolerance to the environmental variations. Thus, the importance is precisely to identify the relationship that occurs between living beings and environmental parameters and the changes caused to the environment from actions associated with climate change. The objective is to present clearly the importance of biological indicators in the evaluation of water quality, the main responses emitted by the aquatic community submitted to climate change. The data obtained and analyzed indicated that it should not be ignored that the biological integrity of aquatic ecosystems will also influence the identification of the needs of the population, whether for consumption, agriculture, livestock, leisure or environmental protection/maintenance. Therefore, studies have warned of a deepening and more frequent in the studies about the direct and indirect actions on the aquatic community, with that, to use organisms to identify the contamination of these ecosystems, is determinant for complete monitoring about the quality of the water.

This paper seeks to present the importance of the managerial action of nurses in the hospital environment. An integrative revision work was carried out, which allows the interpretation of the content found. The Scielo and Google Scholar platforms were used as the database, and the descriptors: "nursing", "management" and "nursing management" were used. The results indicate that it is extremely important the presence of the nurse manager in the hospital environment, since it promotes a more effective intervention in the health of the patient through the educative and continuous process of the ones led, work and in a general context, which includes services, materials, methods and direct assistance. It is also noticed that there is a need to develop more work in the area.

Eutrophication is an environmental problem that results from the increment of chemical nutrients (Phosphorous and Nitrogen) in a water body, transforming from oligotrophic into eutrophic, and in worst cases a hypertrophic stage. This process can occur naturally or due to human action. When the occurrence is natural, this phenomenon occurs slowly due to increase of organic matter by natural runoff from the soil and rock sediments. The anthropic actions generate punctual and diffuse pollution, this phenomenon favor aggravation of eutrophication process. The increment chemical induces a quickly increase of primary production of photosynthetic organisms in the aquatic systems, like phytoplankton and cyanobacteria, decreasing the light availability by increase of organic matter and consequently depletion of oxygen, resulting in loss of biodiversity. Eutrophication causes loss of water quality that is essential for human survival and development of social and economic activities. The eutrophic reservoirs usually present toxins, undesirable taste and odor, and DBPs formation in drinking water, the purification of the contaminated water might be complex and require long-term measures, turning the process quite costly. Therefore, actions to prevent the eutrophication of ecosystems are preferable. Sometimes the restoration of a disturbed environment is necessary, although expensive and complex, for which we present some methods of treatment of some chemical substances.

Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a chronic, non-transmissible, multifactorial pathology that is accentuated by risk factors such as dyslipidemia, excess weight and obesity, sedentary lifestyle, glucose intolerance, and alcohol intake. In this context, the ingestion of alcoholic beverages has been frequently debated due to negative aspects such as abuse, dependence, comorbidities, with different consequences and a positive association with all causes of mortality, becoming a public health issue. Thus, this study aimed to approach the relationship between alcohol use and nonadherence to treatment in hypertensive patients. ?

The biomass is organic sources that are used for the production of energy through the plants, which realize the photosynthesis absorbing the solar energy to transform it into chemical energy. In this bias, it is deduced that approximately 2.4 billion people use traditional biomass because they do not have access to modern fuels. This article aims to analyze the environmental and economic importance of the production of renewable biomass through a literary analysis of what has already been presented, and speculation of possible justifications and solutions. Under this scenario, each discovery has new technology, commerce, and study. With this in mind, the future is expected to be an in-depth, low-cost technology for everyone to gain access to, as well as the theoretical preparation of what will be used, for a full knowledge of its handling. In sum, it is concluded that the energy produced by the biomass is vast, and can be put into practice with few resources.

Semen cryopreservation is reproductive biotechnology that allows the storage of genetic resources for long periods at low temperatures. This process reduces the levels of endogenous smen antioxidants and it should be added before freezing in an attempt to minimize the production of reactive oxygen species, which are physiologically involved in maintaining of fertilizing capacity and responsible for the sperm capacitation, and them are normally produced by the energy metabolism of spermatozoa or due to exogenous addition. Antioxidants are important in reducing the damage caused by the cryopreservation, preserving the physical and chemical integrity of sperm cells. The aim of this literature review was to identify the main antioxidant classifications and to verify current methodologies on the addition of antioxidants to cryopreserved semen of sheep, highlighting the importance of the use in reducing lipoperoxidation. The different classes of antioxidants provide satisfactory results for post-thawed sperm parameters of ram when used at optimum concentrations, in addition to the analysis performed with previously unavailable technological tools. It is concluded that research with antioxidants in sheep semen has been carried out for a long time and remains until the present day, with a perspective of innovation by using previously untested substrates. ?

Brazil is among the ten largest countries with mineral reserves in the world, much of it concentrated in the State of Minas Gerais. In recent decades, there has been growing concern about legislation aimed at dam safety and the need for greater State participation, since structural problems in dams can expose the population and the environment to high levels of risk. The objective of this work is to evaluate the panorama of the actual conditions of the dams at the national level, with emphasis on the State of Minas Gerais, in relation to the actions to be implemented in light of the current federal legislation and the analysis of the last Dams Safety Report, in the year 2017. Today, there are 31 bodies that effectively enforce dam safety. In their registers, there are 24,092 dams for the most diverse uses, especially irrigation, animal watering, and aquaculture. The State of Minas Gerais leads the ranking with 369 dams and only 200 inserted in the National Policy of Security of Dams (PNSB). The PNSB classifies the dams into high, medium and low categories for Risk and Potential Damage according to site and structure conditions. Although actions have been developed to implement stricter dam enforcement policies in recent years, recent events reinforce that there is still a need to assess and monitor the licensing of such constructions, especially with regard to new structures to prevent loss of more lives and national ecosystems.

The absence of biological diversity has become one of the most worrying damages today since the disappearance of species and animal habitat on an alarming scale has been taking place. The biological communities that are sheltered in Brazil, hold much of the amount of biodiversity found in the terrestrial globe, this is caused by the sense of having a center of abundance and endemism of several species. The objective is to demonstrate the importance of the biodiversity of the Amazon forest for the maintenance of ecosystems. The study on marine biodiversity in the country focuses on ecology, taxonomy, and inventories, although there are also studies on several other fronts, which include modeling, genetics, bioprospecting, fish stocks, and other marine natural resources. In the international arena, the geopolitical importance of the Amazon has been defined by its ample stock of strategic resources, which provoke vested interests in the geopolitical tactics of countries and international organizations, by the possession of what environmentalists and ecologists now call "natural capital or intangible capital ". Logo¸ The biodiversity of the Amazon is fundamental for ecological and human development, as well as influencing national and international economic processes. In addition, it is important to know and understand it, so as to be able to explore without damage the diversity of fauna and flora, being a valuable tool to disseminate information about the Amazon region, encouraging the advancement of new scientific research.

The soybean crop (Glycine max) is one of the most important for Brazilian agriculture, being the agricultural commodity most exported by the country. However, its productivity is limited by the occurrence of various pests and diseases in which the nematode of the soybean cyst (NCS) stands out, whose etiological agent is the phytonematode Heterodera glycines. This phytonematode has caused great damage due to its easy dissemination, high reproductive rate, reasonable survival capacity among others, demanding careful phytosanitary management. Therefore, the principles of control in an integrated way may result in less impact of the phytonematoid in the soybean crop. This review is the section of bioecological systems and the essential use in control of NCS. The principles of exclusion, eradication, evasion, protection, immunization, therapy and regulation are detailed.

Dogs are important in search and rescue incursions. Their use in this type of activity dates back to 1707, with the use of animals by the monks of St. Bernard. Selection of specimens requires time and resources since for each pup selected in a litter, several are discarded because of inappropriate behavioral and physical aptitude. The training begins at a young age, when the puppy has around 45 days of life, with the socialization and the creation of the dog bond with his guide. From there the specimen is subjected to adversities such as daylight, darkness, rain, wind, cold, heat, various types of sounds and contacts. They are also adapted to various types of transport such as car, motorcycle, truck, aircraft, and boats. After the period of socialization, the dog begins the training phase itself. By the time, they are two years old and completing their initial training, the dogs begin conducting search and rescue operations with their drivers. With mans increasing involvement in ecosystems, many are the risks created for human and animal life. It is becoming increasingly clear the need to specialize knowledge about the training of search and rescue dogs and the compulsion of military kennels for this purpose in all units of the Brazilian federation, with sufficient amounts to respond to disasters.

Energy production is directly related to the issues of humanitys economic development, arising from the industrial revolution through the application of steam engines in the production system. In this context, the need arises for the improvement and expansion of the means of production by renewable matrices, that is, the generation of energy through sunlight and winds. To support this growth, studies are needed at the national level to produce and provide reliable information on possible locations for the deployment of wind resources throughout the national territory. The in-depth discussion of the socioeconomic impacts of these technologies has gained ground and becomes even more intense and important in periods of low economic growth. Although wind energy is associated with significant environmental benefits such as mitigating the emission of harmful substances into the atmosphere, there are other aspects related to environmental preservation that cannot be overlooked. The environmental impacts generated by solar photovoltaic projects are closely related to their location, the physical and climatic characteristics of the site and the characteristics of local ecosystems. From the socio-economic point of view, income and employment generation grow in places of poor development, as it is further removed from the large urban centers. Therefore, the deployment of energy from the sun and wind is indispensable, not only because it reduces impacts on the environment, but also because it is a source of clean energy generation, as well as contributing to sustainable development

Air pollutants from anthropogenic actions are emitted from various sources, for example, agriculture, industrial activities and the means of transport. In addition, some polluting agents are accidentally released, but a large number are emitted through industrial practices or other activities, which may cause diverging effects on human health and the environment. Thus, this study seeks to compile information that will help in the elaboration of measures that seek to reduce/minimize possible risks to the health of the population and the environment associated with air pollution. As well as demonstrating the impacts on the health of the population, the effects generated on the environment and the benefit of preserving green areas to maintain air quality. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 1.3 million annual deaths worldwide are linked to exposure to air pollution. Surveys conducted in urban children in São Paulo state that NO2 levels present in atmospheric air cause typical symptoms related to respiratory problems. The environmental impact can be classified as positive or negative, in addition, for more accuracy, CONAMA Resolution no. 001/86, defines as any biological, chemical and physical change in the environment, caused directly or indirectly by anthropic actions. The deforestation of green areas for urban construction leaves the atmospheric environment susceptible to polluting gases, especially CO2, which is released by automobiles present in urban daily life; besides the direct production by the anthropic action of this gas, through destructive or leisure burns. This article highlights the importance of monitoring air quality by environmental and health experts; therefore, it is a way of assessing pollution in urban atmospheres. ?

Conservation management systems, when well executed, can have a significant effect on soil quality improvement. This work aims to present the advantages of the use of organic matter in contribution to the chemical properties of the soil. Organic matter (M.O) comes almost from plant organisms and its composition varies between different plant and animal species. Approximately 95% of N and S and 60% to 80% of total soil P are located in organic matter and are dependent on the mineralization process to be absorbed by plants. However, organic matter can provide higher production of organic acids in the environment, consequently improving fertility and agricultural sustainability. ?

The conservation of biodiversity is still controversial in view of the different concepts that this action represents to fauna, flora, and society. The objective of this research was to carry out a reading about the concepts of biodiversity and its conservation. You have applied the deductive method, with observation, application and qualitative coverage and past data were obtained from the bibliographic survey in open access electronic links and in national and international institutions involved with the line of this research. All data obtained and analyzed indicated that the conceptual idea about biodiversity is not unanimous among researchers in this area, which hinders the most effective approach among students, teachers, and society in general regarding the conservation of biological diversity or biodiversity. It was also evidenced that biodiversity associates genetic, geographic and climatic data, in addition to the specifications of flora and fauna, but there is a setback that the participation of society in conservation is still incipient, either because of lack of information or no active participation in the process, or even the concepts now applied for such action.

The displacement of total sediments to lentic water bodies as, for example, in the weirs/dams, might occur due to anthropic or climatic actions, that change the phytoplankton biology dynamics. The objective of this research was to perform a quantitative analysis between the sediment’s insertion in water quality and the interference on the phytoplankton photosynthesis in weirs/dams. The applied method was the systematic review, with a deductive approach from true interpretations. The obtained and analyzed data show that the weirs/dams interfere in water quality due to sediment insertion. There were also indications that erosions, siltation, anthropic actions, and weathering, promote itself carriage, toxic substances, and heavy metals to water bodies. Ergo, sedimentation is a high degree factor of impact on water quality, because it increases the turbidity, hinders the solar incidence, and consequently, interferes in negative ways on the primary production of phytoplankton community and the hydrogen potential normality.

Leprosy, since biblical times, brings stigmas that trigger negative social repercussions, delaying diagnosis and adherence to treatment. It is a chronic granulomatous infectious contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, transmitted by inhalation through prolonged contact of individuals with the genetic predisposition of the sick person. Associated with this, populations in additional vulnerability, poverty, low-income underemployment, inadequate rooming, and many residents favor overlapping cases, creating endemic pockets in the Brazilian territory. The lack of clinical-immunological knowledge of pathology feeds the stigmas regarding image, social guilt and family descent, forcing the individual to isolate themselves from social life, generating a vicious cycle of inequality and social vulnerability.

Mangroves are very important estuaries for the maintenance of the environment; they stand out as the most productive ecosystems on the planet. The objective of this work was to set up a systematic review of the selected scientific literature whose focus of the research is "the impacts that occur in the Amazonian mangroves due to the disordered population growth". The method used was deductive, with analytical and exploratory research complemented with a survey of documentary data whose temporal cut was from 2015 to 2019. The statistical analysis of the data obtained was carried out with the application of Descriptive Statistics (absolute and relative frequencies; mean and standard deviation) with the use of electronic spreadsheets contained in the Excel software, version 2010. With the use of Google scholar and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), the authors obtained 13 definitive literature containing the descriptors used for such action: mangrove swamps, urban growth, and riverside communities, based on them it can see that the concern with these environments is low since these environments are vital for the community and environment. ?

The pythiosis treatment depends on the animals immune system and becomes complex, because the agent has its own characteristics, making the action of medicines difficult. Several protocols have been implemented, among the main therapeutic methods used, are surgical, chemical (antifungal), immunotherapy and all of them. This study aimed to perform a literature review, exposing important aspects related to the pythiosis treatment in horses. Amphotericin B specifically communicates with steroids in the fungal cell wall, such as ergosterol, causing porosity in lipid membranes. Potassium iodide can be used efficiently in the treatment of equine pythiosis, as it presents regression of the lesion and favorable evolution of the clinical cases. The use of the combination of different forms of treatment can become a viable alternative. Given the above, surgical removal performed alone does not present satisfactory results, and relapses were observed in 30% of cases and should be associated with other forms of treatment. Treatment with immunotherapy is effective when performed within 60 days of pythiosis evolution.

This review demonstrates that there is a high correlation of lipid pneumonia with mineral oil use. The objective was to alert veterinary clinicians of the possible risks when choosing the use of mineral oil, and possibly olive oil, especially in infants or as prevention and/or treatment for tricobezoáres and/or constipation. Lipid pneumonia is a chronic proliferative interstitial inflammation that affects the lung parenchyma, resulting mainly from the aspiration (false pathway) of lipid material into the tracheobronchial tree, which is the most common form in dogs and cats. Lipid pneumonia in neonates or animals using mineral oil should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of long-term pneumonia without response to antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral or antiparasitic treatment. Although lipoid pneumonia is an uncommon condition, or underdiagnosed, its clinical and radiological presentation is generally nonspecific and its clinical presentation varies, ranging from acute, chronic pneumonia or localized form.

This review demonstrates that there is a high correlation of lipid pneumonia with mineral oil use. The objective was to alert veterinary clinicians of the possible risks when choosing the use of mineral oil, and possibly olive oil, especially in infants or as prevention and/or treatment for tricobezoáres and/or constipation. Lipid pneumonia is a chronic proliferative interstitial inflammation that affects the lung parenchyma, resulting mainly from the aspiration (false pathway) of lipid material into the tracheobronchial tree, which is the most common form in dogs and cats. Lipid pneumonia in neonates or animals using mineral oil should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of long-term pneumonia without response to antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral or antiparasitic treatment. Although lipoid pneumonia is an uncommon condition, or underdiagnosed, its clinical and radiological presentation is generally nonspecific and its clinical presentation varies, ranging from acute, chronic pneumonia or localized form. ?

The urgent need to qualify the veterinarian every day for anthropogenic or climatic diseases makes it clear that veterinary medicine needs to qualify not only for disasters involving flooding and/or dam disruption. Since there are many human-made risks to ecosystems such as burning. To this end, qualification from the point of view of Disaster or Disaster Veterinary Medicine with a focus on fires is of paramount importance and requires speed, as these events occur every year and in periods that are almost previously known. To this end, articulation linked to the public sector, from the point of view of the cooperation of the Military Fire Corporation and ICMBio via Prevfogo, must be carried out with the Federal Council of Veterinary Medicine in order to qualify rapid response teams at national level. This article aims to sensitize and alert the federal, state, municipal authorities and the Federal Council of Veterinary Medicine of the importance of qualifying the veterinarian in face of this problem.

The concern with physical appearance is a fact in society and becomes so preponderant that it often leads people to develop problems that affect their health. This is an aspect that has recently started to be discussed, but it is gaining more space due to problems related to psychic and behavioral aspects, especially in the younger population. Among these, depression is more and more worrying, since the great majority of studies find a positive association. Thus, this study aimed to address the relationship of depression in young people related to their body image.

The use of the enzyme phytase in broiler diets has already become a practice commonly used in industrial poultry, although different effects of this enzyme can be observed, the research done shows that the efficacy of this enzyme and its beneficial effect. In this context, this mini-review aims to address the main aspects of phytase utilization in broilers feeding and its influence on the reduction of phytate effects on zootechnical performance.